ENSURE YOUR SUCCESS WITH VALID & UPDATED ARDMS AB-ABDOMEN EXAM QUESTIONS [2025]

Ensure Your Success With Valid & Updated ARDMS AB-Abdomen Exam Questions [2025]

Ensure Your Success With Valid & Updated ARDMS AB-Abdomen Exam Questions [2025]

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Tags: Valid Test AB-Abdomen Format, Reliable AB-Abdomen Test Tutorial, AB-Abdomen Exam Format, AB-Abdomen Latest Dumps Ebook, Exam Cram AB-Abdomen Pdf

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ARDMS Abdomen Sonography Examination Sample Questions (Q22-Q27):

NEW QUESTION # 22
Which condition is most consistent with the sonographic appearance indicated by the arrows on this image obtained post thyroidectomy?

  • A. Residual glandular tissue
  • B. Reactive lymph node
  • C. Normal postsurgical lymph node
  • D. Recurring papillary thyroid cancer

Answer: D

Explanation:
The ultrasound image shows a hypoechoic, round structure with internal microcalcifications - hallmarks of recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) metastasis in a lymph node.
Key sonographic features supporting recurrent papillary thyroid cancer:
* Hypoechoic round lymph node (loss of normal oval shape and hilum)
* Microcalcifications (punctate echogenic foci) - highly suggestive of metastatic PTC
* Abnormal morphology (loss of fatty hilum, rounded shape, increased vascularity if Doppler used)
* Seen in the thyroid bed or lateral neck post-thyroidectomy
Why the other options are incorrect:
* B. Normal postsurgical lymph node - Would be oval with echogenic hilum and no microcalcifications
* C. Residual glandular tissue - Would have a more homogeneous echotexture similar to thyroid tissue and be located at the thyroid bed, not necessarily nodal
* D. Reactive lymph node - May be enlarged but retain a normal hilum and vascular pattern, and lack microcalcifications Reference:
ACR TI-RADS Guidelines for Thyroid Nodule Assessment
Radiopaedia: "Lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid carcinoma"
Ahuja A, Ying M. "Sonographic Evaluation of Cervical Lymph Nodes." AJR, 2005


NEW QUESTION # 23
Which vascular condition is most consistent with patent cutaneous para-umbilical channels and portal hypertension?

  • A. Splenic vein varices
  • B. Caput medusae
  • C. Coronary vein varices
  • D. Esophageal varices

Answer: B

Explanation:
Caput medusae refers to dilated paraumbilical veins due to portal hypertension. When portal venous pressure rises, collateral channels may open along the ligamentum teres and recanalized paraumbilical vein, resulting in visible dilated veins radiating from the umbilicus.
* Esophageal varices (B) are gastroesophageal collaterals.
* Coronary vein varices (C) involve gastric veins.
* Splenic vein varices (D) are typically localized to the splenic hilum.
Reference Extracts:
* Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5th ed. Elsevier, 2017.
* Gore RM, Levine MS. Textbook of Gastrointestinal Radiology. 4th ed. Saunders, 2015.
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NEW QUESTION # 24
Which type of artifact is indicated by the arrows on this image?

  • A. Speed error
  • B. Focal enhancement
  • C. Edge shadow
  • D. Comet tail

Answer: C

Explanation:
The ultrasound image of the thyroid clearly shows posterior shadowing originating from the lateral edges of a rounded structure, which is indicative of edge shadow artifact. Edge shadowing occurs when an ultrasound beam passes tangentially to a rounded or curved structure, such as a cyst or blood vessel. The difference in sound wave refraction and beam divergence at the edges leads to decreased echo signals deep to the edges, creating linear hypoechoic bands - which is exactly what the arrows are pointing to in the image.
Edge shadow artifact is purely a result of beam physics and not a real anatomic or pathologic finding.
Key characteristics of edge shadowing:
* Appears as a narrow, linear hypoechoic (dark) shadow extending deep to the edge of a curved interface (e.g., cyst, vessel, thyroid nodule)
* Caused by refraction and beam deflection, leading to reduced beam intensity distal to the edges
* Most commonly seen adjacent to cysts or fluid-filled structures
Differentiation from other options:
* A. Focal enhancement: Appears as increased echogenicity distal to a fluid-filled structure due to lower attenuation of the sound beam through fluid (opposite of shadowing).
* C. Speed error: A less common artifact that results in displacement of structures due to variation in assumed sound speed.
* D. Comet tail: A reverberation artifact that appears as a series of closely spaced bright echoes, often associated with metallic objects or cholesterol crystals in adenomyomatosis.
References:
Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5th Edition. Elsevier, 2018.
Chapter: Ultrasound Physics and Artifacts, pp. 38-42.
Kremkau FW. Sonography Principles and Instruments. 9th Edition. Elsevier, 2015. Chapter: Image Artifacts, pp. 132-136.


NEW QUESTION # 25
Which neoplasm is a benign tumor of the spleen?

  • A. Lymphoma
  • B. Metastasis
  • C. Angiosarcoma
  • D. Littoral cell angioma

Answer: D

Explanation:
Littoral cell angioma is a rare, benign vascular tumor of the spleen, arising from the littoral cells lining the splenic sinusoids. In contrast, lymphoma, metastasis, and angiosarcoma are malignant splenic neoplasms.
According to WHO Classification and Rumack's Diagnostic Ultrasound:
"Littoral cell angioma is a rare benign vascular neoplasm of the spleen with characteristic imaging findings." Reference:
Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, Levine D. Diagnostic Ultrasound. 5th ed. Elsevier, 2017.
WHO Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System, 5th ed., IARC, 2019.
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NEW QUESTION # 26
Which vessel lies anterior to the uncinate process?

  • A. Superior mesenteric vein
  • B. Inferior vena cava
  • C. Portal vein
  • D. Left renal vein

Answer: A

Explanation:
The superior mesenteric vein (SMV) lies directly anterior to the uncinate process of the pancreas. The uncinate process wraps around the posterior aspect of the SMV and SMA. The portal vein and IVC lie more posteriorly in relation to the pancreatic head.
According to Moore's Clinically Oriented Anatomy:
"The superior mesenteric vein crosses anterior to the uncinate process of the pancreas." Reference:
Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AMR. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 8th ed. Wolters Kluwer, 2018.
Gray's Anatomy for Students, 4th ed., Elsevier, 2019.
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NEW QUESTION # 27
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